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Polyacrylic acid (PAA) is a water-soluble polymer of acrylic acid, known for its strong anionic properties and versatility across numerous industrial applications. Its
chemical formula is (C3H4O2)n.
Properties
- Physical Form: Typically available as a colorless or slightly yellow, viscous liquid, powder, or granular solid.
- Solubility: Highly soluble in water, forming clear, viscous solutions.
- pH Sensitivity: Exhibits high pH sensitivity, with its viscosity and solubility varying significantly with changes in pH.
- Thermal Stability: Demonstrates good thermal stability, retaining its properties over a wide temperature range.
- Ion Exchange Capacity: Possesses a high capacity for ion exchange, due to the presence of numerous carboxyl groups along its polymer backbone.
Applications
- Water Treatment: Used as a dispersant and scale inhibitor, preventing the formation of mineral deposits and maintaining the efficiency of water systems. It is also employed in
wastewater treatment for coagulation and flocculation processes.
- Detergents and Cleaners: Incorporated into household and industrial cleaning products to enhance soil removal, prevent redeposition, and improve overall cleaning performance.
- Agriculture: Applied as a soil conditioner and water retention agent, helping to maintain moisture levels in soil and improve plant growth, especially in arid regions.
- Textiles: Utilized in textile processing as a sizing agent and to improve dye uptake and colorfastness.
- Personal Care Products: Found in cosmetics, lotions, and creams as a thickening agent, film-former, and stabilizer, enhancing the texture and performance of these products.
- Adhesives and Coatings: Employed in adhesives and coatings to improve adhesion, viscosity, and stability.
- Superabsorbent Polymers: Used in the production of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) for products like diapers, adult incontinence products, and sanitary napkins due to its ability to absorb
and retain large amounts of liquid.
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